Types of Erosion by Water:
- Splash Erosion: Small soil particles are detached and sent airborne through the impact of raindrops on soil.
- Sheet Erosion: Raindrops break apart the soil structure and it's moved downslope by water that flows overland as a sheet rather than definitive channels. This occurs frequently during cloud bursts.
- Rill Erosion: This process develops small, short-lived, concentrated flow paths. These paths creates a sediment source and delivery system for hillslope erosion. Areas where precipitation rates exceed soil infiltration rates are more prone to this type of erosion.
- Gully Erosion: Water flows in narrow channels during or directly following heavy rains or melting snow. The gullies can erode to considerable depths.
- Valley or Stream Erosion: Continual water flow alongside land (along a linear feature) creates this type of erosion. It extends downward, deepening a valley, and headward, extending the valley into the hillside. This occurs most frequently in times of flooding.
- Bank Erosion: Over time, banks of rivers and streams are naturally worn down.
Water Erosion Control:
The greatest way to restore eroded land is very simple: Vegetation. Plants grow and colonize creating deep root systems protecting the soil from water in its various forms. As simple as the solution is, a little help never hurts. Coir is natural coconut fiber that will protect the soil while the plants grow. Woven geotextiles and non-woven geotextilesseparate soils, filter water, and reinforce the ground.Types of Erosion by Water:
Water Erosion Control Practices
There are basically two types of terraces:
- bench terraces
- broad base terraces
Grassed LiningsWaterways can have cross sections in parabolic, trapezoidal, or triangular form, depending on the functional requirements. Several of these requirements are climate, channel capacity, and desired flow velocity.
Grass linings should be hardy, dense - growing perennials adapted to the geographical region and soil. The grass should be cut periodically, fertilized as needed, and not subjected to prolonged traffic by either livestock or vehicles.
